Volume 50 - Issue 10 - October, 2004

Treating Venous Insufficiency Ulcers with Soft Silicone Dressing

V enous insufficiency ulcers in the lower extremities arise as a late manifestation of venous system incompetence. These ulcers are the most common vascular disorder and account for 80% to 90% of all lower extremity ulcers.1 Often, patients also have edema of the lower legs that further compromises oxygen and nutrition to the skin. The patient commonly presents with a long history of recurring problems such as lower leg edema, heaviness, blister formation, and slower healing from minor injuries that become worse with each episode. Traditional treatment has centered on reducing edema



CMS Changes Policy on OASIS Coding for Healed Stage I and Stage II Pressure Ulcers

O n August 12, 2004, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued a policy change regarding guidance for coding healed Stage I and Stage II pressure ulcers on the Outcomes and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) standardized patient assessment form required for all Medicare home care patients. This change became effective September 1, 2004 and was prompted by and in response to the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel's (NPUAP) consultation and opinion regarding the healing status of Stage I and Stage II pressure ulcers.

In the NPUAP's opinion, Stage I pressure ulcers tha



Toward Improving Chronic Wound Care

I n January 2003, the Canadian Association of Wound Care (CAWC) decided to take a bold step. The membership had been saying that access to both physical and human resources for managing chronic wounds was a major issue — that while the demand for services to treat chronic, nonhealing wounds was rapidly expanding, it did not seem to be a funding priority at various levels in the healthcare system. The CAWC Research Committee had been saying that in order to set research priorities, the extent of chronic wounds in Canada had to be determined.

To address these concerns and better advoca



Malnutrition in the Institutionalized Elderly: The Effects on Wound Healing

U nder-nutrition and protein-energy malnutrition are seen in alarmingly high rates among institutionalized elderly and are estimated to affect 23% to 85% of the population.1 The rate among patients admitted to the hospital is estimated to range from 20% to 50%.2 A combination of immobility, loss of lean body mass (LBM) — consisting of muscle, skin — and immune system challenges increases the risk of pressure ulcers by 74%.3

A 1998 Swiss study showed a 10% incidence of pressure ulcer development in acute hospitals; in 2001, a German prevalence study s



Making House Calls wherever the Patient Calls Home

C aring for patients along the geriatric continuum, Scott Bolhack, MD, CMD, FACP, conceptualized a vision of care management. In his mind’s eye, he sees medical practice as a painting, a work in progress where he helps fill in the gaps. Some physicians here, a nurse practitioner there, a social worker, a registered nurse, a wound care specialist. This is no random sowing of healthcare providers, however. Through planning, steady growth, and the employ of experienced professionals, Dr. Bolhack’s Tucson Long-Term Care Medical Group has earned a presence in 19 of the 21 nursing homes in the T



When Surgical Revision Is Not an Option

T he stoma is poorly cited and lies deep in a fat fold near the groin. A double-barrel colostomy is placed through an incision. An appropriately cited stoma is now retracted due to massive postoperative weight gain.

Most clinicians who care for patients with an ostomy have encountered situations like this sometime during their practice. Such scenarios create major management problems for the clinician as well as the patient and can consume inordinate amounts of time, effort, and money. They also have a major negative affect on the quality of the patient’s life. Often, problems are so



Prevalence of Pressure Ulcers in Canadian Healthcare Settings

C linicians working in wound care appreciate how life for individuals with wounds is disrupted by care, cost issues, and the pain associated with treatment. Although managing pressure ulcers is often a passion for wound care specialists, the majority of the population is unaware of the challenges involved and many healthcare professionals place little emphasis on identifying and treating skin ulcers. The number of individuals seeking wound care services continues to grow, which suggests that pressure ulcers are a relatively common healthcare concern and an escalating problem. Statistics are av



Treatment of Chronic Skin Ulcers in Individuals with Anemia of Chronic Disease Using Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (EPO): a

C hronic skin ulcers result in significant economic costs to the healthcare system and negatively impact the quality of life of those individuals who live with skin breakdown. Recent literature suggests that many chronic wounds persist because of inflammatory processes that alter the wound environment. Analysis of wound fluid taken from healing and chronic wounds revealed that chronic wounds have elevated levels of inflammatory mediators and degradative enzymes that interfere with the healing process.1 Healing wounds are characterized by high mitogenic potential, rapid cellular migr



Is Bed Rest An Effective Treatment Modality for Pressure Ulcers?

Look at the patient lying long in bed.
What a pathetic picture he makes.
The blood clotting in his veins,
the lime draining from his bones,
the scybola stacking up in his colon,
the flesh rotting from his seat,
the urine leaking from his distended bladder,
and the spirit evaporating from his soul.
— Dr. Richard Asher, British Medical Journal, 1947

S ince Dr. Asher recorded his observations,1 many studies have documented the impact of bed rest. In article after article, the reader is cautioned to heed the severe complications of bed rest as a treatment modality.



CAWC Abstracts

Clinical Practice Abstracts

An interdisciplinary team approach using botulinum toxin type A* to reduce the effects of spasticity on positioning and risk of skin



Jablonski L, PT; Carewest; Plamondon S, MD, FRCP(C), CSCN (EMG) Assistant Professor Physiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Calgary; Juchymenko J, OT, Carewest; Calgary, Alberta

Objective: To evaluate through an interdisciplinary team approach targeted botulinum toxin type a* (BTX-A) injections to manage spasticity interfering with positioning in select continuin



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